最強の海洋生物 シャチの生態と知恵
シャチは世界最大最強のイルカの仲間です。海洋の食物連鎖の頂点に君臨し、海のギャングとも呼ばれるシャチの生態と知恵についてまとめました。
![最強の海洋生物 シャチ/南米パタゴニア地方ではシャチが砂浜に乗り上げてオタリアを捕食する驚愕シーンが見られる。](data:image/jpeg;base64,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)
砂浜に乗り上げてオタリアを襲撃するシャチ
(画像提供:Mail Online)
シャチは世界中の海に生息する世界最大最強のイルカの仲間です。
きわめて知能が高く、人間にもなつきやすいため水族館でも飼育されて人気者になっています。
だがひとたび野性に還れば、「海のギャング」の本性が牙をむきます。
アメリカの水族館ではトレーナー3人が飼育下のシャチに襲われて死亡する事故も起きました。
南米パタゴニア地方では、シャチが砂浜に乗り上げてオタリア(アシカの仲間)を捕食する驚愕シーンが目撃されます。
巨大なシャチの前では、全長2mのオタリアもまるでおもちゃです。なす術もありません。
シャチ/海のギャング
シャチとは
海洋生物の中で最強と言えば、海のギャングの異名をもつ「シャチ」でしょう。クジラやアザラシなどの海生哺乳類を捕食し、ときにはサメなども襲うことがあります。
シャチは、クジラ目マイルカ科に属する哺乳動物です。イルカの仲間では最大の種であり、最大級のオスでは体長9.8m、体重は10tにも達します。
この豊かな体格と鋭い歯、発達した知能に裏打ちされて、向かうところ敵なし。野生では獰猛貪欲な最強のハンターです。
シャチの英名は「Killer Whale」(殺し屋のクジラ)。学名のOrcinus orca は「冥界から来た悪魔」を意味しています。まさに海のギャングそのものです。
■シャチの「スパイホッピング」
![シャチのスパイホッピング/最強の海洋生物 シャチの生態と知恵](image7/picture-109.jpg)
頭部を海面から出して辺りの様子をうかがうスパイホッピング。氷上のアザラシの位置を確認しています。(画像提供:Silverstone)
■波で遊ぶシャチ
![波で遊ぶシャチ/最強の海洋生物 シャチの生態と知恵](image8/picture-093.jpg)
波乗りも迫力満点。波の利用はお手の物です。(画像提供:万物の証明)
氷上のアザラシを狩るシャチ
シャチは通常、数頭から数十頭ほどの群れを作って生活し、非常に社会的な生活を営んでいます。他のハクジラと同様に、コールと呼ばれる音波を使って、群れのメンバー同士で自由にコミュニケーションを取っていることが知られています。
シャチの狩りで圧巻なのは、氷上で休んでいるアザラシを集団で狩るときです。
10メートル四方は優に超える大きな海氷の上でくつろぐアザラシ。だが一旦シャチに狙われると、氷上と言えども安全ではありません。
氷が大きいときは、シャチ達は密着して息を合わせて氷ギリギリを泳ぎ、波を起こして氷を割ってしまいます。アザラシが割れ目に落ちてしまえば一巻の終わりです。
幸運にも難を逃れて氷上に何とかよじ登っても容赦はありません。今度は小さくなった氷の表面に大波を送って、まるで津波のようにアザラシを洗い流します。
波を起こす役と氷の反対側で待ち伏せる役とがきちんと決められていて、整然と狩りが行われます。見事というほかありません。
■氷上のアザラシを狩るシャチ
![氷上のアザラシを狩るシャチ。大波を起こすために、シャチ5~6頭が一列に並んで氷の下を通過します/最強の海洋生物 シャチの生態と知恵](image7/picture-110.jpg)
5~6頭のシャチが横一列に密着して並び、手前から氷の下を通過します。大波を起こしてアザラシを氷上から押し流す作戦です。
どう泳げば大波が立つのか、シャチはちゃんと知っているのです。(手前にシャチが確認できます)
![氷上のアザラシを狩るシャチ。大波が押し寄せアザラシは流し落とされます/最強の海洋生物 シャチの生態と知恵](image7/picture-111.jpg)
発生した大波はまるで津波のように氷上に押しかけます。アザラシはひと溜まりもありません。
押し流されてシャチが待伏せる海面に落ちてしまいました。万事休すです。
(画像はYou Tubeによる)
海の王者シャチ~食物連鎖の頂点に立つ
シャチは、海洋の食物連鎖の頂点に立ち、自然界に天敵は存在しません。そのため世界中の海に君臨しています。
捕食する餌も、小さいものは魚・イカ・海鳥・ペンギンから、比較的大きなものではオタリア・アザラシ・イルカなど、ときにはクジラやサメ、ホッキョクグマなども捕食しています。
この食性の多様さも「最強の海洋生物 シャチ」の繁栄を支えていると言えましょう。
■オタリアを狩るシャチ
![オタリアを狩るシャチ/最強の海洋生物 シャチの生態と知恵](image7/picture-112.jpg)
(画像提供:Mail Online)
オタリアを狩る。
シャチにとっては、そんなに難しい仕事ではありません。
↓↓ タイトルをタップ/クリック(内容表示)